Judge sentenced to 24 years Ante Gotovina and Mladen registered up to 18 years in prison for crimes such as murder, persecution and plunder.
The men helped, all Serbs in the 1995 plan a task to the Croatian region of Krajina to conquer and force out.
Judgment have angered the Croatian Government and the public responded.
The BBC's mark Lowen in Zagreb says mass, to see the Tribunal hearing on large screens in the Croatian capital booed and hissed as the judge announced the guilty verdicts had collected.
The men are considered heroes by many in Croatia.
The UN war crimes Tribunal deleted third defendant, Ivan Cermak, of all charges.
Ex-President involvedGotovina and registered were given and a number of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed its troops captured the Krajina region, which had since the war began in 1991 under Serb control.
The BBC's mark Lowen says there were boos and hisses just the conviction in Zagreb by a crowdAbout 200,000 ethnic Serbs were expelled from Croatia in 1995 and at least 150 in a military offensive were killed known as operation storm.
The rapid military operation ordered by the former Croatian President Franjo Tudjman, began with heavy shelling of the area, which many Serbs forced to flee to Serbia.
During his judgment Chairman judge Alphons Orie characterized the operation as a "joint criminal enterprise" between the military commanders and Mr Tudjman, 1999 deceased under investigation the Tribunal.
Judge Orie said it had spread far and concerted attacks on the civilian population Serbian Krajina.
"The Croatian military of murder, committed, cruel treatment, inhumane acts, rape, persecution and deportation, acts" said the judge.
Gotovina and registered had played a role in the planning and monitoring of this operation-the Court of justice.
Lawyers for both the convicted men said that she would appeal against the judgment.
Country condemned?Croatian Prime Minister Jadranka KOSOR said that Government in a criminal enterprise is unacceptable.
She said that operation was legitimate and Croatian for the liberation of the territory of the crew.
"My Government within the legal framework for these qualifications withdrawn will do anything," she said.
After the war is a key question in Croatia's internal policies and its external relations.
The EU has former Yugoslav republics, made it clear, that they be considered for membership until war criminals before the Court are made.
Arrest in 2005 was Gotovina for Croatia's chances of joining the block of crucial importance.
Veterans of war, of which many in Zagreb was against the judgments, are a powerful lobby group in the country.
"We all condemned were including the Republic of Croatia," said protester Branko Borkovic, a former Commander.
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